Carlosalberthreis - Carlos Alberth Reis

Dunas e cratera na porção oeste de Meroe Patera em Marte.

Juno: Join the Mission!

Our Juno spacecraft may be millions of miles from Earth, but that doesn’t mean you can’t get involved with the mission and its science. Here are a few ways that you can join in on the fun:

Juno Orbit Insertion

This July 4, our solar-powered Juno spacecraft arrives at Jupiter after an almost five-year journey. In the evening of July 4, the spacecraft will perform a suspenseful orbit insertion maneuver, a 35-minute burn of its main engine, to slow the spacecraft by about 1,212 miles per hour so it can be captured into the gas giant’s orbit. Watch live coverage of these events on NASA Television:

Pre-Orbit Insertion Briefing Monday, July 4 at 12 p.m. EDT

Orbit Insertion Coverage Monday, July 4 at 10:30 p.m. EDT

Join Us On Social Media

Orbit Insertion Coverage Facebook Live Monday, July 4 at 10:30 p.m. EDT

Be sure to also check out and follow Juno coverage on the NASA Snapchat account!

JunoCam

The Juno spacecraft will give us new views of Jupiter’s swirling clouds, courtesy of its color camera called JunoCam. But unlike previous space missions, professional scientists will not be the ones producing the processed views, or even choosing which images to capture. Instead, the public will act as a virtual imaging team, participating in key steps of the process, from identifying features of interest to sharing the finished images online.

After JunoCam data arrives on Earth, members of the public will process the images to create color pictures. Juno scientists will ensure JunoCam returns a few great shots of Jupiter’s polar regions, but the overwhelming majority of the camera’s image targets will be chosen by the public, with the data being processed by them as well. Learn more about JunoCam HERE.

Follow our Juno mission on the web, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Tumblr.

Make sure to follow us on Tumblr for your regular dose of space: http://nasa.tumblr.com

Você acha que a única beleza de Saturno é o seu sistema de anéis? A atmosfera também é um show a parte!!!

Imagem feita com 8 frames com High Dynamic Range destacando os detalhes da superfície da Lua durante a totalidade do #Eclipse2017 - by @johnkrausphotos

Pegue carona nessa cauda de cometa! !! Cometa Lovejoy fotografado pelos astronautas da Expedição 30 na ISS

The Special Ingredients…of Earth!

With its blue skies, puffy white clouds, warm beaches and abundant life, planet Earth is a pretty special place. A quick survey of the solar system reveals nothing else like it. But how special is Earth, really?

One way to find out is to look for other worlds like ours elsewhere in the galaxy. Astronomers using our Kepler Space Telescope and other observatories have been doing just that! 

In recent years they’ve been finding other planets increasingly similar to Earth, but still none that appear as hospitable as our home world. For those researchers, the search goes on.

Another group of researchers have taken on an entirely different approach. Instead of looking for Earth-like planets, they’ve been looking for Earth-like ingredients. Consider the following:

Our planet is rich in elements such as carbon, oxygen, iron, magnesium, silicon and sulfur…the stuff of rocks, air, oceans and life. Are these elements widespread elsewhere in the universe? 

To find out, a team of astronomers led by the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), with our participation, used Suzaku. This Japanese X-ray satellite was used to survey a cluster of galaxies located in the direction of the constellation Virgo.

The Virgo cluster is a massive swarm of more than 2,000 galaxies, many similar in appearance to our own Milky Way, located about 54 million light years away. The space between the member galaxies is filled with a diffuse gas, so hot that it glows in X-rays. Instruments onboard Suzaku were able to look at that gas and determine which elements it’s made of.

Reporting their findings in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, they reported findings of iron, magnesium, silicon and sulfur throughout the Virgo galaxy cluster. The elemental ratios are constant throughout the entire volume of the cluster, and roughly consistent with the composition of the sun and most of the stars in our own galaxy.

When the Universe was born in the Big Bang 13.8 billon years ago, elements heavier than carbon were rare. These elements are present today, mainly because of supernova explosions. 

Massive stars cook elements such as, carbon, oxygen, iron, magnesium, silicon and sulfur in their hot cores and then spew them far and wide when the stars explode.

According to the observations of Suzaku, the ingredients for making sun-like stars and Earth-like planets have been scattered far and wide by these explosions. Indeed, they appear to be widespread in the cosmos. The elements so important to life on Earth are available on average and in similar relative proportions throughout the bulk of the universe. In other words, the chemical requirements for life are common.

Earth is still special, but according to Suzaku, there might be other special places too. Suzaku recently completed its highly successful mission.

Make sure to follow us on Tumblr for your regular dose of space: http://nasa.tumblr.com

We Just Identified More Than 200 New (Potential) Planets

The Kepler space telescope is our first mission capable of identifying Earth-size planets around other stars. On Monday, June 19, 2017, scientists from many countries gathered at our Ames Research Center to talk about the latest results from the spacecraft, which include the identification of more than 200 potential new worlds! Here’s what you need to know:

We found 219 new planet candidates.

All of these worlds were found in a patch of sky near the Cygnus constellation in our Milky Way galaxy. Between 2009 and 2013, Kepler searched more than 200,000 stars in the region for orbiting planets. The 219 new planet candidates are part of the more than 4,000 planet candidates and 2,300 confirmed planets Kepler has identified to date.

Ten of these worlds are like our own.

Out of the 219 new planet candidates, 10 are possibly rocky, terrestrial worlds and orbit their star in the habitable zone – the range of distances from a star where liquid water could pool on the surface of a rocky planet.

Small planets come in two sizes.

Kepler has opened up our eyes to the existence of many small worlds. It turns out a lot of these planets are either approximately 1.5 times the size of Earth or just smaller than Neptune. The cool names given to planets of these sizes? Super Earths and mini-Neptunes.

Some of the new planets could be habitable. 

Water is a key ingredient to life as we know it. Many of the new planet candidates are likely to have small rocky cores enveloped by a thick atmosphere of hydrogen and helium, and some are thought to be ocean worlds. That doesn’t necessarily mean the oceans of these planets are full of water, but we can dream, can’t we?

Other Earths are out there.

Kepler’s survey has made it possible for us to measure the number of Earth-size habitable zone planets in our galaxy. Determining how many planets like our own that exist is the big question we’ll explore next.

The hunt for new planets continues.

Kepler continues to search for planets in different regions of space. With the launch of our Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in 2018, we’re going to search for planets nearest the sun and measure the composition of their atmospheres. In the mid-2020s, we have our sights on taking a picture of small planets like Earth with our Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST).

*All images of planets are artist illustrations.

Make sure to follow us on Tumblr for your regular dose of space: http://nasa.tumblr.com

Os 4 planetas alinhados no horizonte de Utah. By Richard Keele

Boa noite galeraa!!

Essa sequência de mapas mostra a variação na temperatura da superfície da lua Titã de Saturno, num intervalo de dois anos, de 2004 a 2006. As medidas foram feitas com o instrumento Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) da sonda Cassini da NASA.

Os mapas mostram a radiação térmica infravermelha, o calor, vindo da superfície de Titã, no comprimento de onda de 19 mícron, uma janela espectral onde a atmosfera opaca da lua é na sua maior parte transparente. As temperaturas têm sido calculadas como a média para todo o globo de leste para oeste, para enfatizar as varrições sazonais na latitude. Regiões em preto nos mapas são áreas onde não se obteve dados.

As temperaturas na superfície de Titã mudam vagarosamente no decorrer das longas estações, que duram cerca de sete anos e meio. Como na Terra, a quantidade de luz do Sol recebida em qualquer latitude varia à medida que a iluminação do Sol se move para o norte ou para o sul no decorrer do ano de Saturno que dura 30 anos.

Quando a Cassini chegou em Saturno em 2004, o hemisfério sul de Titã estava no meio do verão e então era a região mais quente. Pouco depois do equinócio de 2009, em 2010, as temperaturas eram simétricas nos hemisférios norte e sul, reproduzindo o que a sonda Voyager 1 em 1980 (1 ano de Titã antes). As temperaturas na sequência esfriaram no sul e subiram no norte, à medida que o inverno no sul se aproximava.

Enquanto que a tendência geral de variação de temperatura é claramente evidente nesses mapas, existe uma faixa estreita em alguns lugares que é um artefato das observações feitas através da atmosfera de Titã. O denso envelope de névoa adiciona um ruído e torna as medidas difíceis.

A animação mostrada abaixo mostra um modelo simplificado da variação da temperatura durante os anos. As faixas de latitude têm sido suavizadas para mostrar mais claramente como a temperatura de pico de Titã se move de 19 graus sul para 16 graus norte entre 2004 e 2016. O pequeno globo na parte superior direita mostra uma visão de Titã como visto da direção do Sol. A latitude em Titã quando o Sol está a pino, é indicado pela estrela amarela.

Embora se mova em latitude, a medida máxima de temperatura em Titã permanece ao redor de -179.6 graus Celsius, com uma temperatura mínima no polo somente 6 graus mais baixa. Esse é um contraste muito menor do que o existente, por exemplo, na Terra onde as temperaturas variam de mais de 100 graus Celsius entre a mais fria e a mais quente.

Esses mapas de temperatura da superfície de Titã são visualizações das medidas que foram publicadas na revista Astrophysical Journal Letters.

Fonte:

http://astronomynow.com/2016/02/23/taking-titans-temperature-2004-2016/

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