One of the goals of behavioral genetics is to identify the heritability of a particular behavior. Heritability is the amount of variance in observed behaviors among people that can be explained by genetics. Review this week’s reading and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of some of the methods used to determine heritability in humans. Address the use of adoption studies and twin studies, as well as shared environmental factors and unique environmental factors.
PSY 330 Week 3 Assignment Final Project Outline
Final Project Outline
Review the Final Project guidelines and, using the approved topic that was identified in Week One, construct an outline of your Final Project. Your outline should be a minimum of one to two pages (excluding title and reference pages) and include each of the required headings/sub-headings listed for your Final Project as well as a two-to three-sentence description of each. Additionally, a reference page must be included with at least six peer-reviewed sources that were published within the last 5 years, cited according to APA guidelines as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. These sources will also be used for the Final Project. Each section of the outline should specify which sources will apply to that area.
This outline is a tool to ensure you are on the right track for your Final Project. The more detail and information you provide in this assignment, the more feedback you will receive from your instructor.
Carefully review the Grading Rubric for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.
PSY 330 Week 3 DQ 1 Behaviorism
Imagine you have completed the certification process and you are now a practicing therapist who specializes in behavior modification. A new client calls you to make an appointment and discloses that she has a severe phobia of dogs. She has been terrified of them since childhood. Her fiancé has a dog and will not part with it, which requires her to get treatment before they are married. Take one of the following approaches to develop a strategy for her behavior change:
Option A: Utilize classical conditioning techniques to develop a strategy for changing the behavior of the client. Be specific in identifying the unconditioned stimulus, the unconditioned response, the conditioned stimulus, and the conditioned response. Your response should also indicate the most likely cause of this disorder from a behaviorist perspective. Your initial post should be a minimum of 250 words and utilize one peer-reviewed source which was published within the last five years, cited according to APA guidelines as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Indicate in your post which option you are responding to.
Option B: Utilize operant conditioning techniques to develop a strategy for changing the behavior of the client. Be specific in identifying the reinforcement for the unwanted behavior and the method(s) of reinforcement you will use. Your response should also indicate the most likely cause of this disorder from a behaviorist perspective. Your initial post should be a minimum of 250 words and utilize one peer-reviewed source which was published within the last five years, cited according to APA guidelines as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Indicate in your post which option you are responding to.
PSY 330 Week 3 DQ 2 Psychodynamic Theory
The psychodynamic model provides a general guideline for the development of normal and abnormal behavior. Overall, the model is comprised of numerous theories and approaches that follow a general trend for behavior formation. Evaluate each of the theories contained in the psychodynamic approach as they are presented in your course text. Explain what normal and abnormal behavior would be within the perspective of each theory. Provide a reasoned interpretation of what unifies the various theories within the psychodynamic model.
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Discussion Part Two (graded)
Physical examination:
Vital Signs
Height: 5 feet 2 inches Weight: 163 pounds BMI: 29.8 BP 110/70 T 98.0 po P 100 R 22, non-labored; Urinalysis: Protein 2+, Glucose: 4+ HEENT: normocephalic, symmetric. Bilateral cataracts; PERRLA, EOMI; Upper and lower dentures in place a fitting well. No tinnitus NECK: Neck supple; non-palpable lymph nodes; no carotid bruits. Thyroid non-palpable
LUNGS: Decreased breath sounds in bases bilaterally with rales, expiratory wheezing with prolonged expiratory phase noted throughout all lung fields. No costovertebral angle tenderness (CVAT) noted. Increase in AP diameter noted.
HEART: Irregularly irregular rhythm; Unable to detect S3 or murmur ABDOMEN: Normal contour; active bowel sounds all four quadrants; no palpable masses.
PV: Pulses are 2+ in upper extremities and 1+ in pedal pulses bilaterally. 2+ pitting edema to her knees noted bilaterally;
NEUROLOGIC: Achilles reflexes are hypoactive bilaterally. Vibratory perception to the 128 Hz tuning fork placed at the MTP of her great toe is absent bilaterally; She is unable to discern monofilament placement in 3 locations on her left foot and 2 places on her right foot.
GENITOURINARY: no CVA tenderness; not examined
MUSCULOSKELETAL: Heberden’s nodes at the DIP joints of all fingers and crepitus of the bilateral knees on flexion and extension with tenderness to palpation medially at both knees. Kyphosis and gait slow, but steady.
PSYCH: normal affect; her Mini-Cog Score is 3. Her PHQ-9 score is 22. SKIN: Sparse hair noted on lower legs and feet bilaterally with dry skin on her ankles and feet.
Discussion Part Two:
Summarize the history and results of the physical exam. Discuss the differential diagnosis and rationale for choosing the primary diagnosis. Include one evidence-based journal article that supports your rationale and include a complete treatment plan that includes medications, possible referrals, patient education, ICD 10 Codes, and plan for follow up.
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Discussion Part One (graded)
B.J., a 70-year-old Caucasian female has been seen in the clinic several times over the last 3 years. However, she missed her last annual appointment-last appointment was 18 months ago and today you are the nurse practitioner seeing her. She arrived to the clinic alone and states she is “here for my check-up”.
Background:
The patient reports that “my feet just burn and tingle all the time and it is so much worse at night that I can hardly sleep at all”. She also indicates that “I need some new pillows; I use 3 of them now to just get comfortable at night to sleep. Those pillows help me catch my breath so I can sleep better”. She also reports dyspnea just walking to the bathroom, but it only happens when her legs are “swole up” and also states, “the coughing also keeps me up at night”. To be honest, “I’m just tired in general whether my feet are “swole” or not”. She also indicates that she cannot see well, especially at night. She also reported that at her last visit to the clinic, she was told that she had a “heart beat problem” and that she is supposed to be taking aspirin every day. She said she thinks all of her “heart pains” went away after she started taking the aspirin and “putting that pill under the tongue”. One of her concerns she has today is that since her husband died last year, she tells you, “I just don’t like doing things that I liked to do before my husband died. We used to like to do all sorts of stuff, but anymore….I just feel blue all the time”.
PMH:
Chronic back pain
Hypertension
Previous history of MI in 2010
Diabetes?
Hypothyroidism?
Constipation?
Congestive Heart Failure?
Current medications:
Coreg 6.25 mg PO BID
Colace 100 mg PO BID
Glucotrol XL 10 mg PO daily
Lantus insulin 20 units at HS
K-dur 20 mEq PO QD
Furosemide 40 mg PO QD
L-Thyroxine 112 mcg PO QD
Aspirin?
Nitroglycerine?
Surgeries:
2010-Left Anterior Descending (LAD) cardiac stent placement Allergies: Amoxicillin
Vaccination History:
She receives an annual flu shot. Last flu shot was this year Has never had a Pneumovax
Has not had a Td in over 20 years
Has not had the herpes zoster vaccine
Other:
Has not seen a dentist in over 15 years, the time she got her dentures
Last colorectal screening was 11 years ago
Last mammogram was 5 years ago
Has never had a DEXA/Bone Density Test
Last dilated eye exam was 4 years ago
Labs from last year’s visit: Hgb 12.2, Hct 37%, Hgb A1C 8.2%, K+ 4.2, Na+140,Cholesterol 186, Triglycerides 188, HDL 37, LDL 98, TSH 3.7, ALT/AST WNL.
Social history:
She graduated from high school, and thought about college, but got married right away and then had kids a short time later. Her two sons and their wives live with her, take her to church and to the local senior center; they do all the cleaning, run errands, and do grocery shopping. Family history:
Both parents are deceased. Father died of a heart attack; mother died of natural causes. She had one brother who died of a heart attack 20 years ago at the age of 52.
Habits:
Patient is a current tobacco user and has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes daily for the last 50 years and reports having no desire to quit. She uses occasional chew. She drinks one 4 ounce glass of red wine daily.
Discussion Part One:
Provide differential diagnoses (DD) with rationale.
Further ROS questions needed to develop DD.
Based on the patient data provided, choose geriatric assessment tools that would be appropriate to use in conducting a thorough geriatric assessment. Provide a rationale on why you are choosing these particular tools.
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