This Bedroom Is Soooo Pretty, This Colour Palette is Everything.

• Microbiology cheat sheets for the comprehensive final. We were allowed two pages, front and back. I ended up getting a 95%! •

Tick-Borne Diseases

I made this because I can never get it right! Hope this helps others. 

If you think of Km as strength and affinity as attraction it makes it easier to remember 

Gram staining

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

PMN filled with Neisseria gonorrhoeae => Gram- diplococci, glucose fermenter, non maltose fermenter, oxidase positive.

Very inflammatory response: exudate with high number of PMN. TX with ceftriaxone and always ALWAYS test for Chlamydia trachomatis (since is more common and exudate is similar)

How to tell them apart? 

N. gonorrhoeae’s exudate is more purulent than C. trachomatis.

N. gonorrhoeae’s exudate is “greenish-yellowish” but C. trachomatis’s is whiter.

N. gonorrhoeae is always inside a PMN while C. trachomatis is not 

Grows in Thayer-Martin medium (chocolote agar + antibiotics, is a selective medium)

Normal Flora

Blood, Spinal Fluid, Urine: sterile

Cutaneous surfaces (urethra, outer ear included): Staph epidermidis, Staph aureus, Corynobacteria (dyphteroids),Streptocci, Candida spp

Nose: Staph aureus, Staph epidermidis, dyphteroids, assorted streptococci

Gingival crevices: anaerobes = Bacterioides/Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Streotococci, Actinomyces

Oropharynx: Viridans group (alpha hemolytic strep), Neisseria (non pathogenic), H. influenzae (non typeable, meaning, w/o capsule), Candida albicans

Stomach: none

Breast-fed babies colon: microaerophilic/anaerobic = Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, streptococci.

Adult Colon: microaerophilic/anaerobic = Bacteroides/Prevotella, E.coli, Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Fusobacterium, Gram- anaerobic rods, Lactobacillus, E.faecalis, streptococci

Vagina: Lactobacillus, streptococci, diphteroids, yeasts, Veillonella, Gram- rods

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Listeria with tumbling motility (by Pathmass)

Listeria monocytogenes

Gram+, aerobic, motile rod, facultative intracellular, beta hemolytic on blood agar

Tumbling motility in broth (as seen in video)

Jet motility in cells by actin filament formation

Listeriolysin O (Beta hemolysin): pathogenic factor, facilitates it scape from phagosome before phagolysosome formation and “jets” into another cell.

Diseases:

Lysteriosis: asymptomatic or diarrhea. 

Lysteriosis in pregnant women septicimia, crosses placenta.

Granulomatosis infantisepticum: neonatal disease, in utero transmission, sepsis, diseminated granulomas and high mortality.

Neonatal sepsis and meningitis (3° most common cause) 2-3 weeks after birth (fecal exposure)

Septicemia and meningitis in immunocompromised pts

Meningitis in renal transplant pts, cancer pts

Anaerobic ABC

A ctinomyces

B acteroides

C lostridium